Journeyman Bricklayer Study Guide & Exam Prep

What to Expect on the Bricklayer Certification Exam
The Bricklayer Certification Exam ensures that masons meet U.S. industry standards for constructing safe and durable brick structures. Many American employers, unions like the International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers (IUBAC), and government agencies require certification as proof of skill and safety knowledge. Becoming certified demonstrates your expertise in masonry techniques, blueprint reading, and OSHA safety compliance, making you a valuable asset in commercial and residential construction projects.

Exam Format
The certification exam evaluates both theoretical knowledge and hands-on practical skills. Here’s what you can expect:

• Number of Questions: Typically 100-120 multiple-choice questions.
• Duration: 3-4 hours, depending on the certifying body.
• Question Types: 
  • Real-world masonry scenarios testing your ability to lay bricks, read blueprints, and apply safety protocols.
  • Identification of tools, materials, and structural components.
  • Compliance with OSHA safety standards for scaffolding, fall protection, and PPE.
  • Mathematical calculations for mortar ratios, brick courses, and material estimates.

Key Topics Covered
The exam is divided into sections to assess critical skills and knowledge areas:

1. Safety and Workplace Practices
   • Understanding OSHA regulations for masonry work.
   • Proper use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
   • Safe handling of bricks, mortar, and construction materials.
2. Masonry Techniques
   • Laying bricks, blocks, and stone following structural guidelines.
   • Using levels, trowels, and jointers to achieve proper alignment and finishing.
   • Mixing and applying mortar to ensure strong adhesion and durability.
3. Blueprint Reading and Measurement
   • Understanding construction drawings and site plans.
   • Measuring distances, brick courses, and mortar joint thickness accurately.
4. Materials and Tools
   • Identifying different types of bricks, blocks, and reinforcement materials.
   • Proper use and maintenance of masonry tools, including hammers, chisels, and brick saws.
5. Mathematical Applications
   • Calculating brick quantities for different wall sizes.
   • Estimating mortar needs for various masonry projects.
   • Converting measurements between inches, feet, and yards for accurate construction planning.

Passing Requirements
Most certifying bodies require a minimum score of 70% or higher to pass the written exam. The practical assessment, if included, requires demonstrating core bricklaying techniques with precision and safety.

Tips for Preparing Effectively

1. Start Early – Allocate at least 3-6 months to review key topics and practice skills.
2. Use Study Guides – Our Q&A and Q&A with Explanations are designed to break down complex topics into digestible content.
3. Take Online Tests – Simulate real exam conditions to improve confidence and time management.
4. Focus on Weak Areas – Spend extra time on blueprint reading, measurement calculations, and safety standards.
5. Practice Regularly – Hands-on experience with laying bricks and mortar application is essential for the practical portion.

What Types of Questions Are on the Bricklayer Certification Exam?
The Bricklayer Certification Exam assesses your knowledge of masonry techniques, safety standards, and construction best practices. The exam includes a range of question formats designed to test your ability to perform precise brickwork, follow safety regulations, and work efficiently in real-world job site conditions. Understanding these question types will help you prepare effectively and demonstrate your skills with confidence.

Common Question Formats
Here’s an overview of the types of questions you can expect:

1. Multiple-Choice Questions 
   • These questions evaluate your theoretical knowledge with four answer options, requiring you to select the most accurate response.
2. Scenario-Based Questions 
   • Real-world masonry scenarios test your ability to follow blueprints, select appropriate materials, and apply OSHA safety protocols.
3. Calculation Questions 
   • Math-based problems assess your ability to calculate mortar ratios, estimate material quantities, and measure wall dimensions.
4. Tool and Material Identification 
   • You may be required to identify different types of bricks, trowels, levels, and mixing tools from images or diagrams.

Sample Questions
Below are examples of the types of questions you might encounter on the exam:

1. Safety and Workplace Practices
   • Question: "What is the recommended minimum height for a guardrail on scaffolding?" 
     • A) 24 inches
     • B) 36 inches
     • C) 42 inches
     • D) 60 inches
     • Answer: C) 42 inches
2. Masonry Techniques
   • Question: "What is the proper technique for achieving a uniform mortar joint thickness?" 
     • A) Applying excessive mortar and scraping off the excess
     • B) Using a joint tool to smooth and compact the mortar
     • C) Spreading mortar only in the middle of the brick
     • D) Tapping bricks into place without checking alignment
     • Answer: B) Using a joint tool to smooth and compact the mortar
3. Math for Bricklayers
   • Question: "If a brick wall is 20 feet long and 10 feet high, and each brick is 8 inches long by 2 inches high, how many bricks are needed (excluding mortar gaps)?" 
     • A) 1,500 bricks
     • B) 1,800 bricks
     • C) 2,000 bricks
     • D) 2,500 bricks
     • Answer: C) 2,000 bricks
4. Tool Identification
   • Question: "Which tool is commonly used to ensure brick courses remain level?" 
     • A) Mason’s hammer
     • B) Plumb bob
     • C) Spirit level
     • D) Trowel
     • Answer: C) Spirit level

Tips for Answering Exam Questions

1. Read Carefully – Pay attention to each question and all answer choices before selecting.
2. Eliminate Incorrect Options – Rule out clearly incorrect answers to narrow your choices.
3. Double-Check Calculations – Ensure accuracy when solving math-based problems.
4. Manage Your Time – Allocate time wisely, revisiting tougher questions at the end.
5. Practice with Mock Exams – Our Q&A with Explanations helps reinforce concepts and improve retention.

Practice Questions for Better Preparation
Engaging with practice exams is one of the most effective ways to improve performance. Benefits include:

• Familiarity with Exam Format – Practice questions mirror real certification exams.
• Identifying Knowledge Gaps – Focus study efforts on weaker areas.
• Boosting Confidence – Simulated exams reduce test-day anxiety.

What Is It Like to Work as a Bricklayer?
The daily life of a bricklayer is fast-paced, physically demanding, and rewarding. Whether working on residential homes, commercial buildings, or large-scale infrastructure projects, bricklayers play a crucial role in shaping the built environment. Their expertise in laying bricks, blocks, and stone ensures durable, long-lasting structures.

Morning: Preparing for the Job
The workday starts early, typically around 6:30 or 7:00 AM, with planning and preparation:

1. Reviewing Job Assignments 
   • Bricklayers check blueprints and construction plans to ensure proper alignment and material selection.
   • Coordination with site managers and contractors ensures workflow efficiency.
2. Inspecting Tools and Materials 
   • Essential tools such as trowels, hammers, and levels are inspected for functionality.
   • Mortar and bricks are prepared, ensuring the right consistency and quality for laying.
3. Safety Briefings 
   • Toolbox talks cover OSHA safety regulations, proper lifting techniques, and hazard awareness.
   • Workers ensure proper use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), such as hard hats, gloves, and steel-toed boots.

Midday: Laying Bricks and Solving Problems
The majority of the day is spent on active construction:

1. Precision Bricklaying 
   • Bricklayers follow guide strings to ensure perfectly aligned courses.
   • Mortar is applied with precision to provide strong adhesion and structural integrity.
2. Adapting to Challenges 
   • Weather conditions, unexpected blueprint changes, and site obstacles require quick thinking and adjustments.
3. Coordination with Other Trades 
   • Collaboration with masons, cement workers, and general contractors is essential to maintain efficiency.

Afternoon: Wrapping Up the Day

1. Final Inspections 
   • Walls and structures are checked for level, plumb, and consistency.
   • Excess mortar is cleaned, and finishing touches are applied.
2. Site Cleanup 
   • Work areas are organized, and materials are safely stored for the next day.
3. Documentation and Reporting 
   • Progress is recorded for project tracking and client updates.

Challenges and Rewards

• Challenges: Exposure to extreme weather, long hours on their feet, and physically demanding labor.

• Rewards: Competitive wages, job stability, and the satisfaction of creating enduring structures.

What Is It Like to Work as a Bricklayer?
The daily life of a bricklayer is fast-paced, physically demanding, and rewarding. Whether working on residential homes, commercial buildings, or large-scale infrastructure projects, bricklayers play a crucial role in shaping the built environment. Their expertise in laying bricks, blocks, and stone ensures durable, long-lasting structures.

Morning: Preparing for the Job
The workday starts early, typically around 6:30 or 7:00 AM, with planning and preparation:

1. Reviewing Job Assignments 
   • Bricklayers check blueprints and construction plans to ensure proper alignment and material selection.
   • Coordination with site managers and contractors ensures workflow efficiency.
2. Inspecting Tools and Materials 
   • Essential tools such as trowels, hammers, and levels are inspected for functionality.
   • Mortar and bricks are prepared, ensuring the right consistency and quality for laying.
3. Safety Briefings 
   • Toolbox talks cover OSHA safety regulations, proper lifting techniques, and hazard awareness.
   • Workers ensure proper use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), such as hard hats, gloves, and steel-toed boots.

Midday: Laying Bricks and Solving Problems
The majority of the day is spent on active construction:

1. Precision Bricklaying 
   • Bricklayers follow guide strings to ensure perfectly aligned courses.
   • Mortar is applied with precision to provide strong adhesion and structural integrity.
2. Adapting to Challenges 
   • Weather conditions, unexpected blueprint changes, and site obstacles require quick thinking and adjustments.
3. Coordination with Other Trades 
   • Collaboration with masons, cement workers, and general contractors is essential to maintain efficiency.

Afternoon: Wrapping Up the Day

1. Final Inspections 
   • Walls and structures are checked for level, plumb, and consistency.
   • Excess mortar is cleaned, and finishing touches are applied.
2. Site Cleanup 
   • Work areas are organized, and materials are safely stored for the next day.
3. Documentation and Reporting 
   • Progress is recorded for project tracking and client updates.

Challenges and Rewards

• Challenges: Exposure to extreme weather, long hours on their feet, and physically demanding labor.

• Rewards: Competitive wages, job stability, and the satisfaction of creating enduring structures.

What Are the Long-Term Benefits of a Career as a Bricklayer?
Bricklaying offers job stability, competitive wages, and opportunities for career advancement. Whether working as a unionized journeyman, an independent contractor, or a business owner, bricklayers enjoy financial security and growth potential.

Earning Potential in Bricklaying
Salaries for bricklayers vary based on experience, certification, and location:

1. Entry-Level (Apprentice) 
   • Wage Range: $18–$25/hour
   • Description: Apprentices gain hands-on experience under seasoned bricklayers, focusing on fundamental techniques.
2. Certified Journeyman Bricklayer 
   • Wage Range: $25–$40/hour
   • Description: Journeymen work independently, completing complex projects and ensuring structural integrity.
3. Supervisory or Specialized Roles 
   • Wage Range: $40–$60/hour or higher
   • Description: Experienced bricklayers move into roles such as project foremen, masonry instructors, or business owners.

Regional Salary Differences

1. Midwest (Illinois, Ohio, Michigan) 
   • Strong demand in commercial and infrastructure projects.
2. South (Texas, Florida, Georgia) 
   • Booming construction markets offer consistent work and high wages.
3. West (California, Nevada, Arizona) 
   • Unionized work offers top pay, with high demand in residential and commercial development.

Career Growth Opportunities

1. Specialization 
   • Focus on decorative brickwork, stone masonry, or restoration projects.
2. Supervisory Roles 
   • Transition into site supervisor, contractor, or masonry instructor positions.
3. Union Membership 
   • Organizations like the International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers (IUBAC) provide training, benefits, and career security.
4. Business Ownership 
   • Many experienced bricklayers establish their own masonry contracting businesses, increasing earning potential.

The Benefits of Certification

• Competitive Edge: Employers prefer certified bricklayers for their verified skills.
• Career Mobility: Certifications from organizations like NCCER and union training programs provide national recognition.

Success Stories

• John, Master Mason: After earning his certification, John became a foreman overseeing commercial high-rise masonry projects in Chicago.
• Lisa, Historic Masonry Specialist: Lisa transitioned from general bricklaying to historical restoration in New York, preserving centuries-old architecture.

Why Choose Bricklaying as a Career?

• Job Stability: The demand for skilled masons ensures consistent work across the U.S.
• Innovation Opportunities: Engage with new masonry technologies, materials, and sustainable building methods.
• Financial Security: Competitive wages, benefits, and long-term career growth make this an attractive trade.

How Much Can You Earn as a Bricklayer?
Wages for bricklayers in the United States vary based on experience, certification, location, and industry demand. Whether you're an apprentice just starting or a master mason overseeing large-scale projects, bricklaying offers competitive pay and opportunities for financial growth.

General Wage Ranges
Here’s a breakdown of typical earnings at different career stages:

1. Entry-Level (Apprentice)
   • Hourly Wage: $18–$25/hour
   • Annual Salary: $36,000–$50,000
   • Description: Apprentices gain hands-on experience, working under certified masons while learning foundational techniques.
2. Certified Journeyperson
   • Hourly Wage: $25–$40/hour
   • Annual Salary: $50,000–$80,000
   • Description: Journeymen work independently on commercial, residential, and infrastructure projects.
3. Supervisory or Specialized Roles
   • Hourly Wage: $40–$60/hour
   • Annual Salary: $80,000–$120,000
   • Description: Master masons, project managers, and specialized artisans earn higher wages for expertise in historical restoration, decorative masonry, and advanced techniques.

Regional Salary Differences
Bricklayer wages vary across the U.S.:

1. Midwest (Illinois, Ohio, Michigan)
   • Strong union presence, steady work in industrial and infrastructure projects.
2. South (Texas, Florida, Georgia)
   • High demand due to rapid residential and commercial development.
3. West (California, Arizona, Nevada)
   • Top wages for unionized bricklayers, especially in large-scale commercial projects.

Factors That Impact Wages

1. Certification – NCCER and union certifications increase earning potential.
2. Union Membership – Organizations like IUBAC negotiate higher wages and benefits.
3. Specialization – Historic restoration, high-rise construction, and custom masonry pay more.
4. Location – Cities with high construction demand, such as New York, Chicago, and Los Angeles, offer better wages.

What Tools and Resources Do Bricklayers Need to Succeed?
Bricklayers rely on essential tools and learning resources to enhance precision, efficiency, and safety. Whether you’re an apprentice or a master mason, having the right equipment and educational materials is crucial.

Essential Tools for Bricklayers

1. Hand Tools
   • Trowels (pointing, margin, and finishing)
   • Brick hammers and chisels
   • Spirit levels and plumb bobs for alignment
   • Jointer tools for smooth mortar finishing
2. Power Tools
   • Angle grinders for cutting bricks
   • Masonry saws for precision work
   • Cordless drills for securing materials
3. Safety Gear
   • Hard hats and safety goggles
   • High-visibility vests
   • Steel-toed boots and gloves
   • OSHA-compliant dust masks

Recommended Learning Resources

1. Study Guides and Practice Exams
   • NCCER and IUBAC certification prep materials
   • Our Q&A products to reinforce exam knowledge
2. Trade Associations and Organizations
   • International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers (IUBAC)
   • Associated General Contractors of America (AGC)
3. Educational Programs
   • Chicago Technical College – Advanced masonry courses
   • Hinds Community College (Mississippi) – Hands-on apprenticeship programs
   • Arizona Masonry Council Training Program – Specializing in sustainable masonry

Where Can You Learn Bricklaying?
Bricklaying education programs in the U.S. combine hands-on training with classroom instruction, preparing students for successful careers in the masonry industry.

Types of Bricklayer Education Programs

1. Apprenticeship Programs
   • Duration: 3-4 years
   • Example: IUBAC Apprenticeship Programs – Comprehensive training with on-the-job learning.
2. Technical and Vocational Schools
   • Hinds Community College (Mississippi) – Hands-on training with industry connections.
   • Pennsylvania College of Technology – Masonry technology degrees.
3. Union Training Centers
   • International Masonry Training and Education Foundation (IMTEF) – Union-led courses in modern masonry.
4. Manufacturer Training Programs
   • Brick Industry Association (BIA) – Industry-specific courses and certifications.

What to Expect in a Bricklaying Training Program

1. Core Topics Covered
   • OSHA safety standards
   • Blueprint reading and construction math
   • Mortar mixing and bricklaying techniques
   • Structural masonry applications
2. Hands-On Training
   • Worksite simulations and live project experience.
3. Certification Preparation
   • Programs align with NCCER and union requirements.

How to Choose the Right Program

1. Accreditation – Ensure national recognition, like NCCER certification.
2. Union Partnerships – Look for programs linked to IUBAC for job placement advantages.
3. Location – Select programs near construction hubs like Chicago, Houston, or New York.
4. Financial Aid – Many schools offer scholarships and employer-sponsored tuition.

Featured Institutions

1. Chicago Technical College (Illinois) – Strong focus on historical masonry.
2. Arizona Masonry Council Training Program – Sustainable building techniques.
3. Pennsylvania College of Technology – Comprehensive hands-on experience.
4. IUBAC Apprenticeship Programs – Best for career placement in unionized masonry.

Why Join a Union or Connect with Employers?
Unions and reputable employers provide bricklayers with job security, competitive wages, and career advancement opportunities. Union membership offers specialized training, benefits, and representation, while working with trusted employers ensures consistent work and professional growth. Leveraging these connections is essential for success in the American masonry industry.

Benefits of Joining a Union

1. Higher Wages and Benefits 
   • Union bricklayers typically earn 20%–30% more than non-union workers.
   • Benefits include health insurance, retirement plans, and paid leave.
2. Job Security 
   • Unions provide hiring halls and job placement services for steady employment.
3. Advanced Training 
   • Union training centers offer hands-on instruction in advanced masonry techniques.
4. Representation and Advocacy 
   • Unions negotiate fair wages, improved working conditions, and workplace protections.

Top Unions for Bricklayers

1. International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers (IUBAC) 
   • Represents bricklayers nationwide with training programs and job placement.
2. Laborers' International Union of North America (LIUNA) 
   • Provides training in construction safety, materials handling, and masonry skills.
3. Local Union Chapters 
   • Many cities, including New York, Chicago, and Los Angeles, have local IUBAC chapters that support bricklayers with resources and job opportunities.

Connecting with Employers

1. Types of Employers 
   • Construction Firms: Residential, commercial, and industrial masonry projects.
   • Restoration Companies: Specializing in historical building preservation.
   • Public Works Departments: Municipal projects like roads, bridges, and public buildings.
2. What Employers Look For 
   • NCCER or OSHA certification.
   • Experience in decorative masonry, structural brickwork, and blueprint reading.
3. How to Stand Out 
   • Keep an updated resume showcasing certifications and project experience.
   • Network at job fairs, industry events, and online job platforms like ConstructionJobs.com.

Tips for Finding Work Through Unions and Employers

1. Register with a Union Hiring Hall 
   • Connect with your local IUBAC chapter for job placement services.
2. Attend Union Meetings 
   • Stay informed about upcoming projects and network with fellow bricklayers.
3. Apply Directly to Employers 
   • Contact major construction firms and restoration companies.
• Utilize Online Job Boards 
  Search on Indeed, Monster, ZipRecruiter, and union-affiliated job portals.

How to Stay Ahead in the Bricklaying Industry
The masonry industry is evolving with advancements in materials, sustainability practices, and construction technologies. Staying competitive as a bricklayer requires continuous learning, networking, and adapting to emerging trends.

Emerging Trends in Bricklaying

1. Advanced Materials 
   • Eco-friendly bricks made from recycled materials reduce environmental impact.
   • Self-healing concrete and smart bricks improve longevity and energy efficiency.
2. Sustainability in Construction 
   • Green building techniques focus on reducing waste and improving insulation.
   • Sustainable practices, such as using low-carbon cement, are gaining popularity.
3. Technological Advancements 
   • Robotic Bricklaying: Machines like SAM (Semi-Automated Mason) assist in large-scale projects.
   • 3D Printing in Masonry: New technology allows for complex designs with precision.

Best Practices for Professional Growth

1. Continuing Education 
   • Attend trade expos, manufacturer training, and union-led workshops.
   • Earn certifications in decorative masonry and historic restoration.
2. Networking 
   • Join professional organizations like Masonry Contractors Association of America (MCAA).
   • Attend industry conferences, job fairs, and union meetings.
3. Building a Professional Portfolio 
   • Document completed projects with photos and client testimonials.
   • Showcase expertise in bricklaying techniques and specialty masonry.
4. Adapting to Market Demands 
   • Develop skills in high-demand areas such as sustainable building and advanced structural masonry.
   • Focus on regional needs, such as seismic-resistant masonry in California or weatherproofing in New England.

Challenges and Opportunities

1. Labor Shortages 
   • Demand for skilled bricklayers is rising, leading to increased job openings.
2. Balancing Tradition and Innovation 
   • While technology enhances efficiency, fundamental bricklaying skills remain crucial.
3. Stricter Building Regulations 
   • Staying updated with local and national building codes ensures compliance.

Sustainability in Practice

1. Energy-Efficient Masonry 
   • Insulated bricks improve thermal performance in buildings.
2. Waste Reduction 
   • Reclaimed bricks and modular masonry reduce material waste.
3. Green Construction Techniques 
   • Water-permeable brick designs aid in urban stormwater management.